Why We Must Focus On Preventative Care For Senior Citizens In India

We all understand the importance of preventative healthcare. It's the cornerstone of maintaining good health, from eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly to scheduling checkups and screenings. However, the conversation around preventative care often neglects a crucial aspect: mental health, especially for senior citizens who face unique vulnerabilities such as cognitive decline, depression, and anxiety. These challenges are compounded by social isolation, physical health issues, and a lack of awareness about mental health resources.

Fortunately, a proactive approach can significantly improve mental wellbeing in later life. Preventative mental health care goes beyond seeking help when problems arise; it focuses on building resilience and fostering healthy habits to reduce the risk of developing mental health conditions. This proactive approach can begin early, with interventions that promote emotional intelligence and healthy coping mechanisms to navigate stress and social pressures. For senior citizens, preventative care might involve activities that stimulate cognitive function, like learning new skills or engaging in mental puzzles. Additionally, maintaining a healthy social network, regular physical activity, and practising relaxation techniques like meditation or yoga can bolster mental well-being.

Policy and Practice: A Collaborative Approach with a Focus on Community

The Indian government has recognized the growing importance of prioritizing mental health in senior citizens. Various policy initiatives promote a community-oriented approach to primary mental healthcare (PMHC), acknowledging the limitations of the traditional family-based care system. These policies aim to strengthen family support systems by providing information, resources, and training on mental health awareness and early intervention strategies.

Community Health Workers (CHWs), such as Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), play a crucial role in supporting families caring for older adults with mental health concerns. These CHWs provide essential services, monitor mental health well-being, and act as a bridge between families and mental health professionals. Additionally, policies advocate for integrating India's rich tradition of Ayurvedic and other holistic practices alongside conventional medicine for a comprehensive approach to PMHC.

Breaking Down Barriers: Stigma, Access, and Social Determinants of Health

Despite these positive policy shifts, significant challenges remain. The stigma surrounding mental illness is a major hurdle, particularly within families and communities. This stigma can prevent older adults from seeking help due to fear of judgment or social isolation. Moreover, limited access to mental health professionals, especially in rural areas, hinders effective care. Social determinants of health, such as poverty, lack of education, and social isolation, significantly impact mental well-being. Addressing these determinants at both individual and community levels is crucial for promoting mental health and preventing mental health challenges.

Individual Strategies for Resilience and Family and Caregiver Support

At an individual level, adopting preventative measures and practices are key. These include maintaining a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and participating in social activities to combat loneliness. Managing stress through relaxation techniques like meditation or deep breathing can also significantly improve mental well-being. Early intervention by seeking professional help when needed is also imperative.

Families and caregivers play a vital role in supporting older adults' mental well-being. Observing changes in behaviour, fostering open communication, and providing information about mental health resources can empower older adults to take control of their mental well-being.

The Role of Senior Care Homes

Senior care homes can play a pivotal role in preventing mental health concerns among older adults. These facilities provide not only physical care but also a structured environment that supports mental well-being. Activities designed to engage residents cognitively and socially can help mitigate the effects of isolation and mental decline. Regular social interactions, group activities, and mental stimulation exercises provided in these homes foster a sense of community and belonging, crucial for mental health.

Preventative mental healthcare is a critical lifeline in safeguarding the mental well-being of senior citizens. By addressing policy challenges, social determinants of health, and individual well-being practices, India can create a supportive environment where older adults can thrive. Let’s work together to break the stigma, empower communities, and prioritize mental health for all, regardless of age.

Authored By Dr. Namita Mittal, Medical Superintendent at Antara Assisted Care Services Ltd