Plant Proteins Are Key To Healthy Ageing Among Women: Here's Why

A recent study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition sheds light on the crucial role that plant proteins play in promoting physical and cognitive well-being, particularly in women as they transition into their middle and later years. Today, as wellness platforms come forward to shed a spotlight on the long-ignored healthcare of women by creating specifically targeted nutritional products for them, it becomes critical to understand how these products can do wonders in redefining women's health across the globe. 

The study, spearheaded by esteemed researcher Prof. K. Srinath Reddy from the Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), digs into the impact of plant proteins derived from sources like lentils, beans, nuts, and seeds on promoting physical and cognitive health during the ageing process.

Why Is Healthy Aging Necessary? 

Before understanding the study's findings, it's essential to grasp the concept of healthy ageing. The study defines it as not only being free from major chronic diseases such as cancer, Type 2 diabetes, stroke, kidney failure, and Parkinson's disease but also encompassing good mental health and the absence of impairments in cognitive or physical function.

The Impact of Protein Intake

The importance of protein intake cannot be overstated. Numerous studies have suggested that higher protein intake correlates with a decreased rate of muscle loss, enhanced bone density, and improved physical performance in older adults, playing a crucial role in the overall well-being and vitality of ageing individuals.

The study reveals a significant association between protein intake and the odds of healthy ageing in women. The odds ratio, a crucial measure of association, showcases compelling results. For every three percent of daily calories, the odds ratio was 1.05 for total protein, 1.07 for animal protein, 1.14 for dairy protein, and an impressive 1.38 for plant protein. This remarkable increase elevates the likelihood of healthy ageing in women by almost 38 percent.

Plant Proteins vs. Animal Proteins

By understanding the science behind the findings, researchers highlight the unique benefits of plant proteins. Components related to plant protein sources, such as dietary fibres, micronutrients, and polyphenols, contribute to the improvement of all health parameters. Plant-based foods, devoid of fat and rich in protective phytonutrients and high fibre content, create an environment where the microbiome thrives. Notably, the study focuses on middle-aged women, showcasing the protective role of phytoestrogens from plants, which mimic the hormone estrogen and potentially aid in maintaining hormonal balance.

For instance, the combination of rice and dal provides an optimal blend of amino acids. While animal proteins boast superior protein composition, they lack the array of protective accompaniments found in plant-based diets. Of particular interest is the protective role played by phytoestrogens, found abundantly in plant foods. These compounds, mimicking the functioning of the hormone estrogen, contribute to the well-being of middle-aged women by addressing potential hormone depletion in the body.

The essence lies not just in protein consumption but in the source, as the study emphasizes the distinct health trajectories associated with plant-based versus animal-derived proteins. Thus, the study advocates for a balanced diet that leans towards plant-based sources, with animal proteins considered an optional component.

Mental Health and Beyond

The connection between protein intake and mental health is a noteworthy aspect of the study. Plant protein emerges as a champion for promoting sound mental health later in life. For heart health specifically, the advantages of plant protein include lower levels of bad cholesterol, blood pressure, and insulin sensitivity, contributing to a reduced risk of heart disease.

Trusting the Study

The study's credibility stems from its inclusion of a substantial participant pool—48,762 individuals from the Nurses' Health Studies. Renowned for being among the largest investigations into risk factors for major chronic diseases in women, these studies have provided invaluable insights into cancer prevention, cardiovascular disease, and Type 2 diabetes. However, it is crucial to note that the study predominantly included white females, limiting its generalizability to other populations. Despite this limitation, the study serves as a huge step forward in understanding healthy ageing in women.