Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina Secures Historic 5th Term: 6 Takeaways

The Bangladesh general elections of 2024 witnessed incumbent Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina securing her fifth term in office. Despite a low voter turnout and the boycott of the elections by some opposition parties, the Awami League, led by Sheikh Hasina, managed to secure an absolute majority, winning 216 out of 224 seats. This victory not only solidifies Hasina's position in Bangladeshi politics but also makes her the world's longest-serving female head of state.

The victory not only solidifies her position as the leader of Bangladesh since 2009 but also marks her fourth consecutive term, a record in the nation's political history.

Key Takeaways Of Bangladesh Elections 2024

1. Landslide Victory for Awami League

The Awami League, under the leadership of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, clinched a resounding victory in the general elections. This marks their fourth consecutive term in power and Sheikh Hasina's fifth overall term as the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. The party's dominance was evident as it secured 216 seats out of the total 299, according to reports from TV stations in Bangladesh.

Despite sporadic violence, including the burning of polling booths and schools, the Awami League emerged victorious with 224 out of the 300 parliamentary seats. The remaining 62 constituencies went to independents, and the Jatiyo Party secured four seats, further emphasizing the dominance of the Awami League. 

This victory reaffirms Hasina's position as the world's longest-serving female head of government. Her leadership has been synonymous with remarkable economic growth, lifting Bangladesh from the shadows of poverty.

2. Opposition Boycott and Controversies

The elections were not without controversy, as the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), led by former PM Khaleda Zia, announced a boycott of the vote. This decision came after Hasina refused to step down from her post to pave the way for a neutral caretaker government. The BNP was flagged for anti-national activities ahead of the polls,citing allegations of political arrests, human rights violations, and the government's heavy-handed approach. The opposition's absence raised questions about the legitimacy of the electoral process.

In the aftermath of the election, the BNP announced plans for peaceful protests against the Hasina-led government, challenging the perceived unfairness of the electoral process. Observers are keenly monitoring how these protests will unfold and impact the political landscape in Bangladesh.

3. Lackluster Turnout Raises Concerns

The election witnessed the second-lowest voter turnout since the reinstatement of democracy in 1991, with reports indicating only 40 percent participation. The Chief Election Commissioner, Kazi Habibul Awal, confirmed this figure after the polls closed. The calm election day was juxtaposed against pre-election protests, with at least 18 reports of arson and four deaths. The authorities attributed much of the violence to the BNP, accusing it of attempting to sabotage the electoral process.

4. Post-Election Instructions from Sheikh Hasina

Following the announcement of the election results, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina issued instructions to her party leaders, workers, and supporters. She urged them not to organize any victory processions, demonstrating a commitment to maintaining stability and avoiding unnecessary provocations in the aftermath of the electoral triumph.

5. International Reactions and Controversies

While Hasina declared her victory, international reactions varied. The elections drew international attention, with over 100 foreign observers, including representatives from India, monitoring the proceedings. However, UN Special Rapporteur Clement Nyaletsossi Voule expressed deep concern over the repressive environment surrounding the polls. Critics, including Muhammed Faisal, raised concerns about the legitimacy of the elections, viewing them more as a referendum than a true democratic process. The opposition's labelling as a "terrorist organization" added a layer of controversy to the electoral dynamics.

6. Bangladesh-India Relations

The re-election of Sheikh Hasina holds significance for regional dynamics, especially concerning India. The longstanding Indo-Bangladesh relationship, characterized by historical ties and shared borders, may see continuity in its positive trajectory. How Hasina navigates regional partnerships will undoubtedly be crucial for the stability of South Asia.

Bangladesh's 2024 elections, despite the controversies and opposition boycotts, have solidified Sheikh Hasina's position as a dominant political force. The implications of this victory extend beyond national borders, influencing regional dynamics and partnerships. As the nation braces for a new term under Hasina's leadership, the world watches closely to see how Bangladesh navigates its political future.